Digital-based self-management interventions for people with osteoarthritis: Systematic review with meta-analysis

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is not curable but the symptoms can be managed through Self-management programmes. Due to the growing burden of arthritis to the health system, and the need to ensure high quality integrated services, delivering Self-management programmes through digital technologies could be an economic and effective community-based model of care. To analyze the effectiveness of digital-based self-management programs on patient outcomes in people with OA. Seven online databases and three grey literature databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing digital-based structured self-management programs (D-SMP) on self-reported outcomes including pain, function, disability, and health-related quality of life in people with OA. Two reviewers independently screened the search results and reference list of identified papers and related reviews. Data about the intervention components and delivery, and behavioral change techniques were extracted. Meta-analysis, risk of bias sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were performed where appropriate. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. Eight studies were eligible including 2687 people with OA. Self-management programs were delivered via telephone plus audio/video, internet or mobile app. D-SMP compared to Treatment As Usual control group resulted in a significant, homogeneous, moderate reduction in pain (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.38 to -0.18) and improvement in physical function (-0.26 95% CI -0.35 to -0.16) at post-treatment. The D-SMP effect reduced slightly at 12 months follow-up but remained significant and moderate. Using the GRADE approach, the quality of evidence was rated as ‘moderate’. D-SMPs may result in a moderate improvement in pain symptoms and function in people with OA delivered. Further research is required to confirm the findings of the review and assess the effects of D-SMPs on other health-related outcomes. Clinical Trial: PROSPERO: CRD42018089322