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    Electrokinetic treatment of desiccated expansive clay

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    Authors
    Hamza, Omar cc
    Ikin, Jamie
    Affiliation
    University of Derby
    Issue Date
    2019-04-23
    
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    Abstract
    Structures built on shallow foundations in expansive clay, where vegetation and weather condition can significantly reduce the moisture content, must overcome the risk associated with excessive desiccation condition such as shrinkage and settlement. For many existing structures, removal of trees may not necessarily be an effective solution as it might cause swelling and heave on the long-term. This study explores a system that could be operated during prolong drought periods to rehydrate and neutralise the negative pore pressures of expansive clay avoiding the development of excessive desiccation. Electrokinetic (EK) is a proven method that has increasingly been adopted for dewatering and consolidation of fine-grained soils. Our hypothesis is to reverse the EK process by extracting water from saturated stratum below groundwater level and force it into the “early-stage” desiccated area, accelerating the rehydration and reducing suction. The theory was examined by a laboratory model using moderately expansive clay. After draining the soil for 23 days reaching moderate desiccation state, water was allowed into the lower part of the soil while applying the EK treatment using nine electrodes, placed in a radial pattern and inserted 110mm into the soil with approximately 30% of their lengths below the water level. As a result of the electro-osmotic process, the average moisture content increased in the model by more than two-fold within 8 hours. The suction measurement (taken in the middle of the desiccated area) showed an initial slow response followed by fast and consistent reduction rate, where suction dropped by 93% within 5 hours and ultimately down to 1kPa at the end of the treatment. The paper offers some insight into the factors controlling the proposed system and provides a good basis for future research to manage the risks associated with desiccation of expansive soils.
    Citation
    Hamza, O. and Ikin, J., (2019). 'Electrokinetic Treatment of Desiccated Expansive Clay'. Géotechnique, pp.1-34. DOI: 10.1680/jgeot.18.p.266.
    Publisher
    ICE Publishing
    Journal
    Géotechnique
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10545/623763
    DOI
    10.1680/jgeot.18.p.266
    Additional Links
    https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/10.1680/jgeot.18.p.266
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    00168505
    EISSN
    17517656
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1680/jgeot.18.p.266
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    Department of Mechanical Engineering & the Built Environment

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