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    Exploring the relationship between entheseal changes and physical activity: A multivariate study.

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    Authors
    Milella, Marco
    Cardoso, Francisca Alves
    Assis, Sandra
    Lopreno, Geneviève Perréard
    Speith, Nivien cc
    Affiliation
    University Zürich-Irchel
    Nova University
    University of Coimbra
    University of Geneva
    Bournemouth University
    Issue Date
    2014-10-20
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Analyses of entheseal changes (EC) in identified skeletal samples employ a common research strategy based on the comparison between occupations grouped on the basis of shared biomechanical and/or social characteristics. Results from this approach are often ambiguous, with some studies that point to differences in EC between occupational samples and others failing to provide evidence of behavioral effects on EC. Here we investigate patterns of EC among documented occupations by means of a multivariate analysis of robusticity scores in nine postcranial entheses from a large (N = 372) contemporary skeletal sample including specimens from one Italian and two Portuguese identified collections. Data on entheseal robusticity, analyzed by pooled sides as well by separated sides and levels of asymmetry, are converted in binary scores and then analyzed through nonlinear principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results of these analyses are then used for the classification of occupations. Differences between occupational classes are tested by MANOVA and pairwise Hotelling's test. Results evidence three classes which separate occupations related to farming, physically demanding but generalized occupation, and physically undemanding occupations, with the more consistent differences between the first and the last classes. Our results are consistent with differences in biomechanical behavior between the occupations included in each class, and point to the physical and social specificity of farming activities. On the other hand, our study exemplifies the usefulness of alternative analytical protocols for the investigation of EC, and the value of research designs devoid of a priori assumptions for the test of biocultural hypotheses.
    Citation
    Milella, M. et al (2015) 'Exploring the relationship between entheseal changes and physical activity: A multivariate study', American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 156 (2):215 .
    Publisher
    Wiley
    Journal
    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10545/622271
    DOI
    10.1002/ajpa.22640
    Additional Links
    http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/ajpa.22640
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    ISSN
    00029483
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/ajpa.22640
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    School of Human Sciences

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